SPC based approach for Frequency Control of Power Systems Penetrated with Fast Acting Reserve

Continuous replacement of the synchronous units by converter interfaced generators (CIGs) in the smart electrical grid would reduce the rotational inertia and inevitably jeopardizes the frequency stability. A low inertia electric grid is less competent of withstanding the frequency excursions during any abnormal conditions. Therefore, in this work, phase-locked loop less synchronous power controller (SPC) approach is incorporated in the power electronic converters for emulating inertia virtually. Besides provision of the short term inertial support, present work also designed a frequency regulation strategy that utilizes fast acting reserves (FAR) such as demand response and energy storage. FAR unit is basically a CIGs which is controlled or re-dispatch using load-generation imbalance signal obtained from online monitoring system rather than frequency measurement. Critical investigations reveal that the coordinated operation of SPC based HVDC links and FAR exceptionally reduce the peak deviations and the oscillations in the tie power and frequency response.