Optimal μPMU Placement and Current Channel Selection Considering Running Cost for Distribution Grid

Monitoring of distribution gird becomes a very important task with the appearance of renewable energy in the form of distributed generation. The bidirectional behavior needed to be managed between the distribution and transmission system. Micro phasor measurement unit (μPMU) is used to provide synchronized measurement of phasor voltage and current which use to enhance the estimation of system state. Installing μPMU to ensure the system observability with minimum number of devices, is defined as optimal μPMU placement (OPP) problem. In this paper the OPP problem is solved using a search space reduction method which applied for radial bus tie system (RBTS) 95 bus. Possible transducer locations in both low voltage level (LVL), meduim voltage level (MVL) are studied to consider lower possible capital cost. On top of that, effect of the running cost on choosing the number of μPMU current channels is discussed using fourth generation (4G) system to transmit the μPMU data.