Energy Efficient Cluster Formation in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Multi Objective Bat Algorithm

The most challenging task in the design of wireless sensor networks (WSN) is increasing the lifetime of sensor nodes. The most crucial factor to increase the lifetime of wireless sensor network is to reduce the energy consumption. In this paper, a multi objective Bat algorithm is used to find the optimal cluster formation and routing model in wireless sensor networks. The proposed scheme optimizes the energy consumption in wireless sensor networks by selecting the best fittest node as cluster head and modeling of the communication distance by Bat's loudness parameter. The proposed scheme outperforms the LEACH and other clustering protocols. It also extends the lifetime of sensor networks and achieves good reliability. The experimental results show that this scheme achieves considerable improvement in accuracy and convergence when compared to Particle swarm optimization.