Adaptive PSO Technique for Optimal Placement and Sizing of DG in 3-Phase Unbalanced Radial Secondary Distribution System

Actual operating conditions of Secondary Radial Distribution System are unbalanced in nature and for stable operation of the system, the distribution system engineer should account for operational imbalances within the system. With the continuing increase in load demand, future expansion of the network is to be done basing on the load flow study of the distribution system network and thus, it is one of the most important research fields for electrical engineering. Optimally placed Distributed Generation (DG) units reduce system losses and lead an improvement in the voltage profile, system reliability, load ability, voltage stability, voltage security and power quality. There are several techniques available for the optimum size and placement of DGs in the unbalanced radial secondary distribution system (URSDS). In this paper, in URSDS, optimal placement of DGs is determined by using modified sensitivity factor method and optimal size is determined by using Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) technique. The proposed technique is tested on 25 & 37 bus URSDS. Results show that network power losses are reduced and voltage profiles are improved in each phase with optimal allocation.