Inter-cluster multi-hop routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks based on ISODATA clustering

In order to solve the problems of uneven clustering and poor energy consumption control of layered routing protocols in wireless sensor networks, an inter-cluster multi-hop hierarchical routing algorithm based on ISODATA clustering (IICMH) is proposed. Firstly, in the stage of network clustering, the ISODATA clustering algorithm is used to select the clustering center, and then the cluster head nodes are selected according to the central position of each cluster, and the election results are broadcasted by the base station. In terms of cluster head election mechanism, the algorithm sets an energy threshold T for comparing with cluster head to evaluate the specific situation of residual energy. When the value of residual energy is higher than that threshold, no new election is needed. On the contrary, it will trigger the next round of new elections, selecting new cluster heads and then update them to the base station in real time. The simulation results show that the algorithm has good performance in balancing network load and prolonging network lifetime.