Smart Electric Railway Substation Using Local Energy Hub Based Multi-Port Railway Power Flow Controller

The smart grid is an inclusive developed concept in different parts of the electric power utility grid and industries. Despite its impressive features like optimal energy management and high efficiency, it has not been considered generally in electric railway networks (ERNs). This paper proposes a complementary compensation system based on multi-port railway power flow controller for standard 2×25 kV autotransformer based railway lines to improve the energy consumption efficiency in ERNs. The proposed system achieves the bilateral advantages of renewable energy sources (RESs) and energy storage systems (ESSs). Meanwhile, it is capable of harvesting regenerative braking energy (RBE) and presenting an optimal power flow paradigm compliant with IEEE power quality standards. The performance of the proposed strategy is verified through precise simulations for various modes of operation.