Black Phosphorus Based Ultrafast Yb-doped Fiber Laser: Principle, Mechanisms, and Applications

Since early 2014, black phosphorus (BP), a rising star among post-graphene, has been exploited to generate ultrashort pulses in fiber lasers. BP has a large direct bandgap range from 0.3 eV (bulk, corresponding to 4.13 μm) to 2 eV (monolayer, corresponding to 620 nm), which enables ultrashort pulse generation from near-infrared to visible waveband. In our progresses, an ultra-stable (more than 100 days) pulse fiber laser based on real BP-SA was demonstrated, which exhibited various interesting ultrafast phenomenon in 1 μm region. Our results extended the application of BP in the spatial and temporal domains.