Optimal Operation of Virtual Power Plant in a Day Ahead Market

The necessity for Renewable Energy Resources (RES) has become a major issue due to the shortage of adequate fossil fuels recently. In addition to fossil fuel shortages, global warming is also an anxiety for a lot of countries and companies. These problems have led to the addition of a large number of renewable energy sources to modern distribution systems. However, due to the high integration of RES to these systems and the intermittent characteristic of sources such as wind and solar, it causes variable production and uncertainty in the power system. It is proposed as a solution to gather these resources together in order to solve the problems caused by the changeable outputs of these resources. Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is described as the management of distributed generation facilities, energy storage systems and controllable loads by an Energy Management System (EMS). In this study, the VPP model consists of renewable energy sources such as wind power plant (WPP), solar power plant (SPP), biogas power plant (BPP) and pumped hydro storage plant (PHSP) as an energy storage system (ESS). The aim of the VPP is to maximize the net daily profit in a 24 h time interval. The proposed mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problem is modeled in GAMS software and solved using CPLEX.