A Glass-Integrated Ferrite FM Antenna for Vehicle Telematics

We propose a miniaturized glass-integrated ferrite symmetric dipole antenna to enable frequency modulation (FM) communication in automotive applications. The geometry and dimensions of the dipole are optimized to obtain the desired antenna performance. The radiating element of the antenna is placed between two layers of glass substrates (ε
_r
=5.5,μ
_r
=1). A layer of ferrite substrate (ε
_r
= 20, μ
_r
=1000) is introduced at the bottom to minimize the antenna size. The number of shorting pins and their positions were optimized to increase the realized gain. The resonant frequency of the designed antenna was decreased by 80 %, indicating antenna miniaturization, and the antenna showed the maximum realized gain of -13.7 dBi with an omnidirectional radiation pattern.