Contents I. Introduction
The need for environmentally friendly technology has a huge impact on the automotive world. Fuel consumption in conventional vehicles gets attention from all over the world. So the need for environmentally friendly electric vehicles is becoming increasingly urgent. At present, a lot of research has been done on electric vehicles. Especially research on battery design and performance. For electric scooter applications, its batteries are expected to be able to operate for a long time and have small dimensions. So to observe battery performance, it is necessary to design a compact and integrated battery pack. An integrated Battery Management System (BMS) based on the Galvanic Isolation Concept has been discussed. In this system, in addition to the battery module and module management unit, there is also a package management unit. This is intended to accurately estimate the battery status [1]. In spite of considerable progress in battery chemistry and material, battery systems are still usually oversized and underused, i.e., 20%-50% excess energy capacity is provided, which evokes augmented weight, volume, and purchase cost. Attenuation of this conservatism necessitates an efficient battery management system, in which critical internal variables, e.g., state-of-charge (SOC), state-of-power, and state-of-health (SOH), are accurately monitored Cells that can be connected must have similar electrical characteristics [2]. In the Battery Modular Multilevel Management System, these limitations can be eliminated [3]. In addition to this method, there is also a battery-based communication management system between the master board and the slave board. This method provides advantages in terms of the efficiency of the programming code and it is easier to develop [4]–[5]. The battery management system has been developed into a reconfigurable battery pack. This system is superior in terms of capacity and easily adjusted [6].
