Coordinated Primary Frequency Control for Virtual Power Plant Based on Distributed Subgradient-Projection Method

Interconnected together in an autonomous manner, a cluster of distributed energy resources can be coordinated as a virtual power plant and integrated to the power grid friendly. In this way, the power supply reliability can be improved, and the operational cost will be lower. This paper proposes a fully distributed method for primary frequency control for VPP comprised of distributed energy resources. The proposed method only requires limited information exchange between neighboring resources, which can optimize the generation cost in at the same time with frequency control. By case studies, we can find that the presented method is insensitive to communication delay. Besides, compared with droop-based frequency control methods, the method has prominent dynamic control performance and lower generation cost.