Grape Leaf Disease Identification using Machine Learning Techniques

Having diseases is quite natural in crops due to changing climatic and environmental conditions. Diseases affect the growth and produce of the crops and often difficult to control. To ensure good quality and high production, it is necessary to have accurate disease diagnosis and control actions to prevent them in time. Grape which is widely grown crop in India and it may be affected by different types of diseases on leaf, stem and fruit. Leaf diseases which are the early symptoms caused due to fungi, bacteria and virus. So, there is a need to have an automatic system that can be used to detect the type of diseases and to take appropriate actions. We have proposed an automatic system for detecting the diseases in the grape vines using image processing and machine learning technique. The system segments the leaf (Region of Interest) from the background image using grab cut segmentation method. From the segmented leaf part the diseased region is fruther segmented based on two different methods such as global thresholding and using semi-supervised technique. The features are extracted from the segmented diseased part and it has been classified as healthy, rot, esca, and leaf blight using different machine learning techniques such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), adaboost and Random Forest tree. Using SVM we have obtained a better testing accuracy of 93%.