I. Introduction
Recently, Electric Vehicles (EV) have attained popularity owing to their eco-friendly nature. Their main advantage involves curtailing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [1]. EVs make less noise, involves simple operation in addition to reducing the fuel costs associated with conventional vehicles. It does not produce smog and air pollution. Integration with smart grid via Vehicle to Grid (V2G) provides financial benefit for the customer through bidirectional charging. Integration with Renewable Energy Sources (RES) enables to charge vehicle batteries. Major challenges towards EV adoption are high cost due to batteries and fuel cells, limited range due to battery capacity and speed, long charging period depending on battery type and charger and insufficient charging stations [1]. Future developments are aimed at designing better batteries and charging technologies that reduce charging time and increase flexibility and reducing use of permanent magnet motors that employ rare-earth constituents [1].Wireless power transfer systems and solar powered vehicles are another alternative along with research on compact, rugged and cheaper electronics and sensors.