Environmental Monitoring System Based on LoRa Technology in Island

Climate change is now occurring and become more intense over the past years where it affects our entire globe. The climatic change involves heat waves, heavy downpours, sea-level rise, ocean acidity, flooding, and drought. To minimize these effects, prevention must be taken and one of the precaution steps is to sense and monitor the environmental parameters such as temperature and relative humidity in the remote area. This paper describes the implementation of the wireless network known as Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) and explores the performances of the LoRa Technologies in the development of the monitoring system. In the project, the microcontroller embedded with LoRa radio shield via SPI connection and in conjunction with a few sensors that work as sensor node and send the valuable data to the gateway over the long range at a very low-data-rate with low power consumption. Finally, the proposed system show 98% of Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) was successfully received which is proficient enough to monitor the condition of the environment at Bidong Island with a range of 23km from the gateway. This LoRa radio system is applicable for real-time monitoring purpose that requires continuous data analysis.