A Mode-Localized Voltmeter with Resolution of 46.8 Nanovolts

This paper reports a mode-localized voltmeter. It uses a 3 degrees-of-freedom (DoF) weakly coupled resonators (WCRs) as mechanical sensitive element. The input voltage causes stiffness perturbation to one resonator and influences the energy distribution of the WCR system, finally resulting in a drastic change of the mode shape owing to the mode localization phenomenon. The resolution of the voltmeter can reach 46.8 nV/√Hz in the experiment.