An Overview of Intelligent Energy Management System for DC Microgrid: System and Communication Architecture and Application in Power Distribution System

To meet the fast-growing energy demand and manage the distributed resource, an intelligent energy management system plays a vital role in the electric power system. The next-generation electric power system, known as the smart grid, will incorporate a large number of renewable energy resources that fundamentally change the energy management paradigm. To manage efficiently the energy supply and demand in the power grid, further improvement in the reliability and efficiency of electrical grids can be achieved by utilizing dc distribution in microgrid systems. DC microgrid is an attractive technology in the modern electrical grid system because of its natural interface with renewable energy sources, electric loads (e.g. data center load, electrical vehicle charging load, residential dc load), solid state transformer and energy storage systems. In this paper we discussed the functional expectation of the dc microgrid, system architecture, communication structure and distributed grid intelligent system. This paper highlights the recent technology update in dc microgrid system. This paper also discusses benefits and challenges of using dc grid.