Sensor Selection for Dynamics-Driven User-Interface Design

We present a method for dynamics-driven, user-interface design for a human–automation system via sensor selection. We define the user interface to be the output of a multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) linear time-invariant (LTI) system and formulate the design problem as one of selecting an output matrix from a given set of candidate output matrices. Necessary conditions for situation awareness are captured as additional constraints on the selection of the output matrix. These constraints depend on the level of trust the human has in the automation. We show that the resulting user-interface design problem is a combinatorial, set-cardinality minimization problem with set function constraints. We propose tractable algorithms to compute optimal or suboptimal solutions with suboptimality bounds. Our approaches exploit monotonicity and submodularity present in the design problem and rely on constraint programming and submodular maximization. We apply this method to the IEEE 118-bus, to construct correct-by-design interfaces under various operating scenarios.