Smart Charging and Discharging of Plug-in Electric Vehicles for Peak Shaving and Valley Filling of the Grid Power

From the power grid perspective, the widespread of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) integration into the electric networks rises concerns regarding power system components overloading and power quality issues. However, PEVs would bring beneficial opportunities to the power system in the future. In order to alleviate the negative effects of PEVs, smart charge/discharge scheduling algorithms are developed. Moreover, with PEVs smart scheduling, the vehicles fleet can be used to support the power grid through vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology by injecting power into the grid during peak periods. This paper presents a centralized smart charge/discharge scheduling algorithm to optimize the charging/discharging of PEVs with the aim to achieve peak shaving and valley filling of the grid load profile subjected to various power grid and PEV s constraints. The solution of the optimization problem is realized using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The algorithm of charge/discharge scheduling is developed and tested within MATLAB environment. The simulation results verify the potential of the algorithm to achieve the objective function and satisfy the various constraints which in turn lessen the adverse impacts of PEVs charging.