Longitudinal Study on Mental Interactions Between Difficult Children and Their Nursery Teacher Based on DUAL Measurements of Finger Pulse Waves

In this study, DUAL measurements of finger pulse waves were taken from three children (Child A, Child B, and Child C) and their nursery teacher longitudinally (when children were 3 years old and 4 years old). Behaviors of difficult children were evaluated and scored by using "Checklist for Difficult Children" (S. Shimano, 2014) [1]. Four subscales of "troubles (anti-social behaviors)," "dissocial behaviors," "autism behaviors," and "hyperactive behaviors" were evaluated with "Checklist for Difficult Children." Three children who exhibited high scores for all four subscales were selected for the study. According to the nursery teacher, Child A was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Child B's mother had an attitude problem in childrearing, so the child was not disciplined by her. And Child C showed signs of attachment disorder. DUAL measurements were taken from Child A, Child B, and Child C, respectively paired with their nursery teacher, to visualize any mental interactions with the teacher.