Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Loaded with Frequency Selective Surface and Artificial Dielectric Medium

A pattern reconfigurable antenna loaded with frequency selective surface (FSS)and artificial dielectric medium operating at 5.2 GHz is presented. In this design, a monopole is used as a radiating source and surrounded by four columns of FSS screens and artificial dielectric medium. The FSS unit cell comprises two metallic crosses connected by a pin diode, the transmission characteristics of which are investigated with different states of pin diode. By changing the states of the pin diodes in the FSS screens, beam switching can be achieved in azimuth plane at 5.2 GHz. The loaded artificial dielectric medium provides a higher refractive-index to tilt the beam in elevation plane. Moreover, a maximum gain enhancement of 3.7 dB is achieved when artificial dielectric medium is loaded.