A Substrate-Integrated Fan-Beam Dipole Antenna with Varied Fence Shape for mm-Wave 5G Wireless

A mm-Wave 5G dipole antenna is presented featuring high gain, fan-beam with wide HPBW in the elevation plane (HPBWEI), and high front-to-back radiation ratio (F/B). The dipole is implemented using vias at the edge of Rogers RO5880 substrate. For boosting the gain and HPBW, flared parasitic vias are added in front of the dipole. To suppress the back radiation, the dipole is surrounded by a via-fence. Two fence shapes were investigated; namely, the rectangular fence and the U-fence where a single dipole, 2×1, and 4×1 arrays were fabricated for each of them. The single elements achieve a measured bandwidth of more than 6.5 GHz around 28 GHz. All fabricated prototypes have F/B greater than 36 dB, with the rectangular fence and U-fence 4×1 dipole arrays achieving HPBWE1/gain of 133.1°/12.61-dBi and 118°/13.5-dBi, respectively.