Comparison of Methods for the Simulation of Dynamic Power Flows in the International Grid Control Cooperation

The international grid control cooperation (IGCC), which consists of eleven transmission system operators (TSO), provides an optimized secondary control power (SCP) activation [1]. According to the European guideline for electricity balancing [2], the optimization in this field shall be expanded in the future. Consequently, the amount of exchanged control power will rise and the relevance of the IGCC congestion management (CM) will be increased. Studies on the CM require a model, which allows the simulation of the power flows under consideration of the IGCC and the CM. A model for this purpose is suggested in [3]. This model is based on standard approach for the analysis of load-frequency controls, representing the overall system inertia with one equivalent generator [4]. This model is combined with a Newton-Raphson based power flow calculation program for the simulation of the dynamically changing power flows. Since the focus of the model is to represent dynamic processes on the long-time-scale, the underlying assumptions seem acceptable and the model delivers plausible results in first studies on new concepts for the CM [5]. Due to its simplicity, the model is easy to use and shall be utilized in further studies on the IGCC and its CM. In this paper, the simplified model is compared to a standard modeling approach for quasi-steady-state simulation with distributed rotating mases. For this purpose, both models are implemented in MATLAB, the advantages and limits of the simplified model are discussed and the differences are illustrated in various case studies. Focus of the case studies is the impact of the modeling approach on the results regarding the assessment of different CM concepts.