A Two-Stage Multi-objective Planning Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Power-loss Sensitivity in Distribution System

The continuous development of electric vehicles (EVs) is based on sufficient charging facilities, thus reliving the “range anxiety” of EV owners. Since a rational siting and sizing of EV charging stations can not only reduce the investment and operation cost, but also improve the economical power system operation, a multi-objective planning strategy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a sensitivity index of system power loss to each node's voltage is established to identify the candidate sites of EV charging stations. Subsequently, the siting and sizing model of charging stations is developed with the minimization of the construction cost as well as the maximization of income for utilities. Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is employed to calculate the Pareto solution set for the model. Finally, a method based on fuzzy clustering is proposed to select the optimal solution which satisfies the decision-makers most from the Pareto set.