Routing in VANETs Based on Intersection Using SDN and Fog Computing

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET), as one of the main components of intelligent transport systems (ITS), face many issues including architecture inflexibility, instability of wireless communications, limitation in transmission range, repetitive topological variations due to high vehicle mobility, etc. One of the current challenges in VANETs in establishing communication and data forwarding arises in areas without Road Side Unit (RSU) coverage, called communication coverage holes. In these areas, vehicles are responsible for data forwarding through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. Also given the issues of large data production and big data, communicative capability of vehicles can be used for data forwarding and establishing efficient communication, eliminating unnecessary bandwidth usage through the Internet and its infrastructures. The purpose of this article is proposing a method to improve data forwarding in V2V communication so as to cover communication coverage holes. This can help cover communication coverage holes. To this end, the advantages of software-defined network (SDN) and fog computing are used to improve V2V communication, and propose an intersection-based routing based on SDN and fog computing called SFIR. Finally the method is simulated and compared with the current protocols. Results indicate that SFIR significantly improves packet delivery ratio, packet loss ratio, and delay time.