Frequency Control Reserve via Micro Grid for the Future Renewable Malaysian Power System

This paper investigates the technical features of frequency control reserve (FCR) potential based on multiple micro grids composition with distributed generators e.g. solar photovoltaic and wind turbine. The main problem is to manage the frequency excursions towards maintaining frequency stability without implementing emergency load control, transmission grid splitting and power plants disconnecting. The process of frequency containment reserve must be executed within seconds to minutes via grid's primary control regulation. Definitely, the response must be quick and has enough capacity to meet short and long term energy needs for the main grid. However the response of conventional generating unit during contingencies is progressively slow for supplying active power reserve especially for distance location but this can be facilitated with micro grids which are more dynamical in active power transfer hence provide FCR capability as well. In this investigation, a new model and controller for FCR is developed with using flat frequency control (FFC) and tie-line bias control (TBC) approach. Extensive simulation with various micro grids components i.e. load characteristic, network size are carried out to outperform a relevant state-of-the-art controller. The effectiveness of proposed method are verified for Malaysia Electric Power System (MEPS) via Matlab Simulink.