Bifacial Modules: Indoor and Outdoor Measurements and Some Requirements for Correct Simulation of Energy Generation

Indoor flash front and back measurements of bifacial cells at standard conditions allow arranging the cells for module designing. The same type of flash module measurements provides starting data for correct module designing as well as for simulation of energy generation by the module. Correct module designing requires determination of maximal short circuit current, I
_{sc max}
, which is contributed by both front and back irradiations.Calculations of I
_{sc max}
are based on experimental data for standalone module, which is mounted at 1 m above underlying surface with given albedo.Simulation of energy generation by the bifacial module requires taking into consideration non-uniformity of rear and front irradiances.