Smart Energy Meter Surveillance Using IoT

Electricity plays a cardinal role in day to day life. The electrical energy consumption in India is the third biggest after China and USA with 5.5% global share in 2016. The per person energy use rate in India is closer to 0.7 KW. India's share with global energy demand will rise to 9% by 2035. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging field and IoT based devices have created a revolution in electronics and IT. The foremost objective of this project is to create awareness about energy consumption and efficient use of home appliances for energy savings. Due to manual work, our existing electricity billing system has major drawbacks. This system gives the information on meter reading, power cut and the alert systems for producing an alarm when energy consumption exceeds beyond the specified limit using IoT. This idea is being implemented to reduce the human dependency to collect the monthly reading and minimize the technical problems regarding billing process. This project extends the design and implementation of an energy monitoring system with the pre-intimation of power agenda using Arduino micro controller and a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) module. The advantage of this system is that a user can understand the power consumed by the electrical appliances on the daily basis and can take further steps to control them and thus help in energy conservation. From the electricity board section, the information regarding the bill amount, payment and the pre-planned power shut down details are communicated to the consumer. If the customer does not pay the bill in time, the user is informed through a message. If still the customer does not pay the bill, then as per designated consideration, one alert message will be sent then automatically power connection is disconnected from the remote server. In the already existing smart energy meter, it shows the energy consumed by the appliances from the date of installation of the energy meter and its corresponding rupees. In this proposed energy meter, the meter gives the energy consumed on daily basis, its corresponding rupees, billing details and payment using IoT. Additionally, it has the main objective of giving the preintimation of power schedule and an alert system for producing an alarm when the energy consumption exceeds beyond the certain limit. It also has the facility of terminating the power supply when the residents are out of station to minimize the wastage of energy. This system not only reduces the power cut issues and the labor cost for noticing the residential energy consumption in regular intervals but also increases the energy conservation with the help of alarm systems and the energy meter accuracy by reducing the billing error and the cost of maintenance.

I. Introduction

The utility sector in India has one National Grid with an installed capacity of 330.86 GW as on 30 November 2017. Renewable power plants constituted for 31.7% of total installed capacity. During the year 2016–2017, the gross electricity generated by utilities in India was 1,236.39 TWh and the total electricity generation in the country was 1,433.4 TWh. In the year 2016–2017, the gross electricity consumption was 1,122 kWh per capita. India is the third largest producer of electricity in the world and stands fourth largest in the electricity consumption. The electric energy consumed by the agricultural sector was recorded 17.89% in 2015–16 among all countries. Despite cheaper electricity tariff in India, the per capita electricity consumption is low compared to many countries.