Modeling and Stability Analysis of a DC Microgrid Employing Distributed Control Algorithm

DC microgrids have higher efficiency, reliability and lower costs compared to the AC systems due to linking DC loads to the DC sources and reducing conversion stages. Thus, they are gaining more and more popularity and the interest in DC microgrids is increasing. In this paper, we are deriving mathematical model of a DC microgrid consisting of photovoltaic (PV) arrays, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and grid-tied converter, employing distributed control algorithm. The core structure of this work is mathematical modeling of all converters in the discussed microgrid with their voltage, current and droop controllers. Then, the stability analysis for the system and its control algorithm is performed to ensure the stability of DC microgrid in all operating modes. Finally, MATLAB/Simulink is used for demonstrating the capability of the mathematical model in modeling the DC microgrid and its control algorithm.