Textile antenna integrated with a cap for L1 GPS application

This paper presents a new textile antenna for L1 GPS application. The textile antenna is based on a grounded flannel substrate (100% cotton). The designed textile fractal antenna is integrated with caps of different materials. The effect of the cap on the performance of the designed antenna is investigated. The textile antenna integrated with a cap is studied also in the presence of a human head to obtain the effect of the human head on the performance of the designed antenna. In addition the specific absorption rate (SAR) inside the human head due to the antenna is also studied.