Design, implementation and performance comparison of square and annular ring shaped microstrip patch antenna for S band application

Microstrip patch antenna is basically an antenna having wider beam width together with narrow band. This antenna is fabricated with the help of etching process. This process will generate the patterns related to antennas which will be having lesser size and it will be joined together with metal trace which will be placed on an insulating surface made up of dielectric material. For forming the ground plane on the any side which we want, we will use a metal layer having continuity and it will be bonded with substrate material. Microstrip antenna has square, rectangular, circular, elliptical and annular ring which are general shapes. In this research we have studied the effect of antenna dimensions which includes antenna Length (L) and Dielectric constant which will play an important role while studying the Radiation parameters related to Bandwidth and Return Loss[5][6]. For this purpose, CST platform has been used. The frequency band 2-4 GHz is assigned as S band which is used in the applications such as satellite, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular phones etc. The proposed method has been applied on the square Microstrip patch antenna and annular ring microstrip patch antenna and conclusions have been drawn on the frequency of 3.055 GHz on which both the antenna has been tuned. The results have been shown for the antenna in simulated manner as well as practical results.