Network impact of multiple HEMUs with PVs and BESS in a low voltage distribution feeder

Individual residential customers are installing home energy management units (HEMUs) to efficiently manage their energy consumption, solar photovoltaics (PVs) and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) to reduce electricity bill. This paper investigates network impacts of several HEMUs operating in a low voltage distribution feeder. A dynamic programming (DP)-based HEMU is proposed aiming at efficiently scheduling the operation of household appliances and BESS to minimize energy cost. Different time-varying pricing models such as real-time pricing (RTP) and time-of-use (ToU) tariff are considered and the operation condition of the network is studied. Simulation results show that individual HEMUs operating in a greedy fashion would worsen load and voltage profile of the network.