Detection and location of faults in wide area systems utilizing event-based communication scheduling

Transmission system serves as a crucial link between generating stations and consumers. Early detection and accurate location of faults on a transmission line is essential to prevent the occurrence of blackouts. Also monitoring of real-time states of power system during faults will enhance the situational awareness for power system operators. Wide Area Measurement and Protection Systems (WAMPS) based on Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) are a promising solution for dynamic real-time monitoring and protection of power system. This paper deals with detection and location of faults on a transmission system using PMU based technology. Performance of WAMPS is largely dependent on the performance of information and communication technologies infrastructure. At the application level, event-driven communication strategy is used in this paper for communicating the real-time data from PMU to the centralized controller. Also, linear state estimation based only on synchronized measurements for fault detection is presented. The estimated states of the system are compared to a certain threshold and if any abnormality is found, fault is detected and located. The proposed methodology is implemented on IEEE 9 bus system in MATLAB/Simulink.