Coordinated scheduling of electric vehicles and wind power generation considering vehicle to grid mode

The widespread use of electric vehicles (EVs) is becoming an imminent trend. Research has been done on the scheduling of EVs from the perspective of the charging characteristic. There is a lack of systematic studies considering EVs, the power grid, utilization of large scale wind energy, improvement in the safety and economy of the power grid, or the traffic jams in the transport system caused by a large number of EVs driven to charging stations all together. In this paper, the mathematical models are built for both smart charging and Vehicle-to-Grid operation with distribution grid constraints, the optimal solution of the model is obtained by using the glowworm swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results verify the optimal control algorithm in coordinating distributed electric vehicle aggregations with the varying wind power and daily load.