Rectangular TeraHertz microstrip patch antenna design for riboflavin detection applications

This paper proposes rectangular shaped terahertz microstrip patch antenna employing FR4 substrate for biomedical applications. The antenna has been devised using FR4 (Flame Retardent-4) substrate having dielectric constant ∊
r
=4.4 and loss tangent tan δ=0.02 whereas copper of conductivity 5.96 × 10
⁷
Siemens/m has been employed as patch as well as ground. Microstrip feeding technique has been used to feed power to the antenna. The proposed design has been formulated and simulated using CST Microwave Studio 2016. The simulated design has been observed to be resonant at 3.356 THz with minimal return loss of −45.09 dB and impedance bandwidth of 306.9 GHz (3.2163 THz–3.5232 THz). The proposed antenna has gain of 5.124 dB and directivity of 4.603 dBi at resonant frequency. The input impedance of anticipated design is matched with the impedance of co-axial cable (50 Ω) to ensure maximum power transfer. The proposed antenna can be suitably employed for detection of riboflavin(Vitamin B2).