Thin-Wire Antenna Design Using a Novel Branching Scheme and Genetic Algorithm Optimization

This paper presents a novel optimization method used to design thin-wire antennas to approximate any arbitrary antenna gain pattern. These types of antenna designs may be useful for specific tracking-search radars or telecommunication systems trying to maximize the antenna footprint without significant sidelobe power loss. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the design of a thin-wire antenna to match a predefined antenna pattern. Two different 3-D antenna topologies are allowed. The first is the conventional bent long wire or crooked wire antenna and the second branching tree antenna. The branching tree antenna resembles the structure of a natural tree. The branching tree topology allows antennas to branch in several directions at each segment's end. This paper also describes a systematic approach of developing an objective function for any desired power pattern.