Design and Development of Ultra-Wideband 3-D Monopole Antennas Based on Supercurves

This article deals with the design and development of supershaped monocone and rotationally symmetric monopole antennas with omnidirectional radiations to cover an ultra-wide frequency bandwidth. The attractive feature of supercurves is their ability to generate various complex and nonintuitive curves, and shapes through a simple mathematical equation called superformula. In the proposed designs, the surface profiles of monocone and rotationally symmetric monopole antennas are expressed using supercurves and the six unknown parameters of superformula are optimized to fulfill the bandwidth and radiation pattern requirements. The use of supercurves is extremely effective in reducing computational complexity and saving a lot of computation time. The electromagnetic performances of the proposed antennas are investigated by the simulations and experiments. The measured results reveal that the proposed monopoles satisfactory radiation characteristics over the 26:1 and 43:1 impedance bandwidths. The findings are valuable for the design and evaluation of ultra-wideband antennas and the proposed monopoles can be used as good candidates at various communication applications.