Challenges and opportunities for batteries of electric vehicles

Following the path of energy efficiency and reduced emissions, electric vehicles have been the focus of research over the last decade. However, limitations as lengthy charging time, modest range and relatively lazy performance of batteries limited the commercialization of electric vehicles. So, numerous R&D projects aimed to advance the area of hybrid propulsion, thus striving to overcome most of these shortcomings, with improved energy efficiency and reduced emissions compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). In this paper we analyze challenges and opportunities for batteries of electric vehicles, proposing a novel system designed as a hybrid concept between Vanadium Redox Flow Battery and Hydrogen Fuel Cell, for energy management in an electric vehicle, with zero emission. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to present the components of the system as a reliable alternative to the technical limitations of standard electric storage systems based on lead-acid batteries.