A comparative study and parameterization of electrical battery models applied to hybrid electric vehicles

Batteries have become the most popular energy storage devices due to several features like high energy density, durability and safety. Nowadays batteries are used in fuel cells based on hybrid electric vehicles, as a zero emissions alternative transportation. In order to size and design the energy management of this type of systems, the designer requires an easy equivalent model of battery. This paper describes a comparison of three different models used to model the electrochemical behavior of several types of battery technologies. The battery equivalent models are parameterized using numerical optimization in order to fit the parameters. The parameters identification procedure has been developed in Simscape-MATLAB® by using a specific current profile for every model. In order to verify each model, a different current profile from that used during the identification procedure is applied. This profile is based on the European driving cycle ECE15. Finally, the relative error between the simulated and experimental voltages for every model is calculated, in order to get a comparison of the model accuracy. Finally, a summary of the recommended model for automotive applications is shown, as well as the main conclusions of the analysis.