Electrochemical Mini-Platform With Thread- Based Electrodes for Interference Free Arsenic Detection

Herein, a fully integrated thread/textile-based electrochemical sensing device has been demonstrated. A hydrophilic conductive carbon thread, chemically modified with gold nanoparticles through an electrodeposition process, was used as a working electrode (WE). The hydrophilic thread coated with Ag/AgCl and an unmodified bare hydrophilic thread were used as reference electrode (RE) and counter electrode (CE) respectively. The device was fabricated with hydrophilic conductive carbon threads supported by capillary tubes and these integrated electrodes were placed in a 2 mL glass vial. The physico-chemical characterization of the working electrode was carried out using SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the fabricated sensing platform, was tested for electrochemical sensing of arsenic. The electrocatalytic oxidation activity of arsenic in the designed platform was investigated via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave Voltammetry (SWV). An oxidation peak at −0.4 V corresponding to the oxidation of arsenic was obtained. Scan rate effect was performed using CV analysis and the diffusion coefficient was found to be
$2.478\times 10^{-10}$
with a regression coefficient of R
²
= 0.9647. Further, concentration effect was accomplished in the linear range
$0.4~\mu $
M to
$60~\mu $
M. The limit of detection was obtained as
$0.416~\mu $
M. For the practical application, effect of interference from other chemicals and real sample analysis from the tap water and blood serum sample was carried out which gave remarkable recovery values.