Reliable Multistage Optimization of Antennas for Multiple Performance Figures in Highly Dimensional Parameter Spaces

Design of modern antenna structures needs to account for multiple performance figures and geometrical constraints. Fulfillment of these calls for the development of complex topologies described by a large number of parameters. Electromagnetic (EM)-driven tuning of such designs is mandatory yet challenging. In this letter, a new framework for multistage design optimization of multidimensional antennas w.r.t. several performance criteria is proposed. The approach is founded on the idea of identifying a feasible region of the search space through a series of local optimization runs with appropriate handling of individual objectives and design constraints. To facilitate local optimization, a procedure for finding a good starting point is proposed, which involves sensitivity-based reduction of the problem dimensionality. The proposed design procedure is aided by surrogate modeling techniques. Our methodology is demonstrated using a gain-enhanced dual-band antenna and compared to alternative design approaches.