Array of Arrays: Optimizing Phased Array Tiles

This letter discusses some of the challenges for realizing large millimeter-wave phased array antennas using multiple scalable arrays (tiles). The letter uses the radiation pattern multiplication and the array of arrays concepts to analyze the effect of the tiling gap on the large array radiation pattern. Different techniques to mitigate the performance deterioration due to the tiling gap are proposed and analyzed. The proposed methods use either the elements’ spacing, or the amplitude excitation to minimize the tiling impact on the array performance.