High-Gain Millimeter-Wave Holographic Antenna in Package Using Glass Technology

A novel concept for a holographic antenna in package is presented, enabling the seamless integration of high-gain antennas at millimeter-wave frequencies. The antenna is based on a holographic impedance approach stimulating a leaky wave mode at 150 GHz. Since the antenna structure is placed on top of the glass package, a large antenna aperture with high angular beamwidth and efficiency was achieved. The surface wave launcher of the antenna connected to the integrated active circuitry is designed in a very compact fashion using a vertical through-glass-via and solder balls. The performance of the proposed holographic antenna package has been investigated by an analytic model and full-wave simulations. The measurement results of the antenna prototype on glass using anisotropic unit cells show excellent agreement to the simulated values. A maximum gain of 24.7 dBi, a sidelobe level of 15 dB, and a 3 dB beamwidth of 4.7
$^\circ$
are achieved. The measured 3-D radiation pattern shows a highly directive pattern in all cuts.