Broadband Gain Enhanced Narrow-Beam Vivaldi Antenna With Ring and Directors for Handheld Antidrone Jamming System

As the number of drones continues to increase and their applications become more widespread, the importance of neutralizing drones is becoming increasingly important. Despite the existence of studies on neutralizing drones, only a few studies exist on jammer antennas for antidrone systems. Handheld antidrone jammer antennas require high gain directivity beam patterns with narrow half-power beamwidths (HPBWs), while also covering multiple frequency bands used by drones. In this letter, we propose a broadband gain enhanced narrow beam Vivaldi antenna with directors for a handheld antidrone system. The proposed antenna can cover GPS L1, ISM 2.4 GHz, ISM 5.8 GHz, and remotely piloted aircraft system bands. A multilayer ground plane is proposed to fix the radiation angle at the GPS L1 band, while a metallic ring is proposed to enhance bandwidth and gain at the GPS L1 band. Directors are also proposed to enhance the gain of the antenna and decrease the HPBW of the radiation pattern. The total size of the antenna is 140 × 90 × 270 mm
³
, and the measured peak gain is 10 dB with a narrow HPBW of 20.9°. The proposed antenna would be suitable for use in portable handheld antidrone jamming.