A Probability-Based Time-Modulated Array and Its Statistical Model

In this letter, a novel probability-based time-modulated array (TMA) for sideband radiation (SR) suppression is proposed. The elements of the TMA are activated with a probability related to the desired excitation amplitude as a way to obtain a desired radiation pattern. This minimizes the power spectral density of the SR signal and enhances its randomness. In doing so, the sideband signal behaves as an artificial additive white Gaussian noise. By analyzing the statistical model, the transmitted signal in the sidelobe region could be avoided from being received by eavesdropper, which has a great potential in the field of physical layer secure communication. The statistical properties can be used for measure the symbol error ratio metric. A set of full-wave simulations in conjunction with numerical analysis is performed to validate the theoretical predictions, proving the accuracy and reliability of the proposed system.