Hybrid Minkowski fractal island antenna operating in two bands of GPS satellite system

In this paper, the design of fractal antenna operating at two frequencies 0, 1.228 and 1.5745 GHz, of the GPS satellite system is presented. To achieve compact size and dual frequency operation the Minkowski fractal island and shorting pin on radiating element were used. The design and numerical simulations were done by means of HFSS software. Antenna was fabricated on microwave laminate FR4-epoxy. The numerical and experimental results agree favorable.