Estimation on Underground Electromagnetic Wave Velocity Based on Characteristics of Shallow-Buried Small Target Echo

The underground transmission velocity of electromagnetic wave is the key parameter for synthetic aperture (SA) imaging algorithm of ground penetrating radar (GPR). The traditional estimation on underground electromagnetic wave transmission velocity adopts the method of measuring dielectric constant. However, this kind of method is often very inconvenient in practical application, especially when underground buried objects are dangerous. According to this nature that the image of ground penetrating radar (GPR) for shallow-buried small target presents the geometric shape of hyperbola, this paper puts forward a kind of method that uses hyperbolic fitting to estimate the underground transmission velocity of electromagnetic waves and utilizes simulation data for verification. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed by this paper is very effective.