High Torsion Sensitivity Sensor Based on LPFG With Unique Geometric Structure

In this paper, we propose a sensor with high torsion sensitivity. This sensor has the ability to distinguish the torsion direction. A long-period fiber grating (LPFG) with a unique geometric structure is used to configure this sensor. The proposed LPFG is prepared by CO
₂
laser polishing method and etching method. First, we periodically polish the two opposite planes which are parallel to the axis direction of the fiber to get sheets structure. Then, the V-shaped grooves are etched on the surface orthogonal to the sheets to fabricate the proposed LPFG. Because the V-shaped grooves are arranged along the axis direction of the optical fiber, we name it by V-LPFG. This unique geometric structure results in the sensor with high torsion sensitivity. Experimental results prove that the torsion sensitivity of the proposed sensor reaches 0.399 nm/(rad/m) in the range of-10.5 rad/m to 10.5 rad/m. More importantly, the torsion sensitivity is significantly increased from 0.041 nm/(rad/m) to 0.399 nm/(rad/m) after the V-shaped grooves are etched. The temperature sensitivity of the proposed sensor is 50 pm/°C at the temperature range of 30-150 °C. Due to the high torsion sensitivity, relatively easy fabrication process and high price to quality ratio, the proposed sensor has the potential of carrying out torsion measurement with high sensitivity.