Optimization Method for Node Deployment of Closed-Barrier Coverage in Hybrid Directional Sensor Networks

Closed-barrier coverage is a new coverage problem that requires sensors on the barrier to form a closed loop. Due to the features of end-to-end connection, constructing closed barriers is a challenging task. In a hybrid directional sensor network (HDSN), sensors can both rotate and move, making it more difficult to schedule sensors to construct closed barriers. To address this challenge, we propose a closed-barrier coverage optimization method (CCOM). First, selecting multiple initiators transforms the closed-barrier coverage problem into a simple linear-barrier construction problem. Then, a weighted barrier graph (WBG) is used to search the optimal barrier path. Finally, design a rotation strategy and moving plan for the sensors, fully utilizing their rotation and moving capabilities to achieve closed-barrier coverage with the minimum number of sensors and energy consumption. The simulation experiment results show that compared with other advanced methods, our proposed method has a better performance in terms of barrier construction success rate, minimum required number of mobile sensors, moving distance, and network lifetime.