Research on Self-Powered Rainfall Sensor Suitable for Landslide Monitoring Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Landslides are severe geological hazards, and most landslides are directly related to rainfall. Therefore, monitoring rainfall at landslide sites is of great significance for predicting landslides. In this study, a self-powered sensor for landslide rainfall monitoring is proposed based on triboelectric nanogenerator. Test results show that the sensor can measure rainfall in the range of 0–300 mm/h with a measurement error less than 4%, under ambient temperatures and humidity ranging from 0 °C to 90 °C and 0% to 90%, respectively. Furthermore, the power generation capability of the sensor demonstrates a maximum output power of 124
$\times 10^{-8}$
W when connected to an external load of 10
$\text{M}\Omega $
. Compared to traditional landslide monitoring sensors, this sensor has self-powering functionality, making it more suitable for field monitoring in landslide-prone environments.