Fault Estimation and H∞ Fuzzy Active Fault-Tolerant Control Design for Ship Steering Autopilot Subject to Actuator and Sensor Faults

This article investigates the problem of fault estimation and
${H}_{\infty }$
fuzzy active fault-tolerant control design for ship steering autopilot (SSA) system with simultaneous partial states that are not easily measured, actuator (steering machine), and sensor (compass) faults. First, the Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy model is employed to describe the nonlinear dynamics of SSA system, and the feasibility of the designed model is analyzed with the collected navigation data. Then, an auxiliary
${H}_{\infty }$
fuzzy observer (AHFO) is introduced for asymptotic estimation of unknown states and faults. Using the observation information provided by the AHFO, an AHFO-based active fault-tolerant controller (AHFO-based AFTC) is designed for stabilizing the SSA system with steering and compass faults to achieve satisfactory control requirements, including stability and tracking performance. Finally, an example of ship course fault-tolerant control is conducted to verify the effectiveness of this method.